What is rabies ?. Sing and symptoms and vaccine - freequizzes4u

Rabies 

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Today we are going to learn about Rabies in detail.

This post include following points.

• Quick history on Rabies.
• What is rabies?
• Rabies Virus in detail.
• How rabies spread?
• What are the sign & symptom of           rabies?
• How to diagnose rabies?
• What are the complications of rabies?
• Treatment and prognosis etc...

Quick history:- 

Rabies virus recognise in vedic period (1500-500 BC) and described in Atharvaveda.


What is Rabies?

Rabies is a zoonotic viral disease. Rabies infects to domestic and wild animals and spread through infected saliva (bite and scratches).

Definition :- Rabies is an infectious disease which causes inflammation of human brain and other warm blooded animals.

Rabies virus:-

Agent:- the Rabies virus - genes lyssa.

• Bullet like shaped virus
• Size is about 180 x 75 nm.
• has covered with lipoprotein                  envolope.
• knob like spickes
• Genome unsegmented.
• linear negative sense RNA.

How Rabies spreads?

Rabies infection is caused by entry of Rabies viruse. It spread by  infected animals saliva. This virus spread by biting another animals or a person. In same rare cases rabies can be spread through contact of infected saliva into open wound or the musous membrane ( mouth ).

Mode of transmission of rabies:-

• Animals bites most common.
• Direct contact with infected saliva to woond or mucous membrane.
• Scratches from infected person or animal.
• Aerosol only by bats and in laboratory.
• Person to person very rear
Organ transplant.

Incubation period of Rabies virus:-

> Normally for 3 week to 3 months.
> May be short 15 days or prolonged year.
> It depends on
  - site of bite
  - severity of bite
  - nerce supply richness
  - amount of saliva deposit.
  - species of biting animal

What are the sign & symptoms of rabies?

• Unusual behaviour
• Agitation
• Seizures
• Difficult in Drinking
• But patient able to eat solid food
• Patient have fear of Water (Hydrophobia)
• Sound of water disturb.
• But suffer with thrust.
• Choking due to spasm of pharynx
• Respiratory arrest

 •  Death in 1-6 day

How to diagnose rabies?

• Animals:-
1) Direct Fluorescent Antibody (DFA)
2) Negri bodies

• Humans:-
1) Detection of antibodies in saliva, serum and aslo in spinal fluid.
2) Nuchal skin biopsy

What are the complications of rabies?

• Patient will suffer from Psychosis
• Patien can get Seizures
• Aphasia
• Muscular twitching can occur
• Patient feels restlessness
• Delirium

  • And sometimes death if doesn't get immediate care.

How to treat rebies?

• There is no any effective treatment if rabies infection fully established in patients body.

How to manage rabies patients:-

• Isolates patient in quite room there are no any external stimuli.
• Prevent from spasm and convulsions
• Administer sedative to reduce pain and anxiety of patient ( morphine 30-54 mg )
• If spastic muscle contraction use drug as per orrer.
• Patient must be hydrated
• Provide respiratory and cardiac support.

Prevention and control:-

• Immunize all 🐕 dog and 🐈 cat.
• Avoid contact with wild animals
• Immunize your before exposure
• Keep monitoring your pets.
• If exposed then wash roughly site of bite with alcohol within 10-15 minutes.
• Get prost exppexpo prophylaxis immediately (ARV vaccine)

Nursing management:-

• Provide calm and non stimulating environment.
• Provide respiratory isolation
• Avoid sensation of fluid
• Monitor patients cardiac and respiratory

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